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Teresa Ribera, Executive Vice-President of the European Commission, alongside Wopke Hoekstra and Dan Jørgensen, European Commissioners, at the press conference on the ETS review and energy package

EU Electrification Plan puts storage and grid reform in focus

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The European Commission's plan targets 46 percent electrification by 2040, with industry groups calling for stronger investment support and an end to double taxation of storage.

A single rooftop panel amid a market that mostly runs without the grid

UN report: 655 million people still lack electricity access

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IRENA's tracking report finds Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for the bulk of the shortfall, with over 560 million people without power, against a backdrop of sharply slowing global electrification progress.

An eye on aesthetics, with limited impact on performance

Germany – colour films mark a step change in PV aesthetics

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The Fraunhofer ISE team in Freiburg has developed a technique using structured coatings and cutouts to create detailed, durable patterns on modules, opening new scope for architecture and design in PV.

To qualify for feed-in tariffs, larger solar parks were simply split into many smaller installations

Bosnia and Herzegovina – new solar spacing rules in Republika Srpska

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The amended Renewable Energy Act targets developers splitting large solar parks into sub-150-kilowatt units running to multi-megawatt scale, to claim 15-year feed-in tariffs and avoid concession fees.

The innovative modules come without glass

Peakup Power: stable lightweight modules for roofs with little to spare

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PV Guided Tours: Lightweight modules that offer a solution for load-restricted roofs. Or special technologies that enable durable and flexible solar modules without glass. Is this magic? Let’s find out.

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What is photovoltaics?

Photovoltaics (PV) refers to the generation of electrical energy from sunlight. At the heart of this process are the solar-active semiconductors known as solar cells, which capture sunlight and convert it directly into electricity.

From a technical standpoint, a PV system or solar installation functions as a generator. Here, individual solar cells are combined into a solar module, which is protected from the elements. These modules are then assembled into a larger solar generator, which can be mounted on rooftopsfaçadesopen ground or specially designed structures. The electricity generated is direct current (DC), which is converted into alternating current (AC) by an inverter. This AC power can be used directly on site or fed into the public grid via the building’s connection. The electricity is typically supplied to the local utility or grid operator.

Larger PV systems installed on open land are often called solar parks. These feed power into the grid via dedicated transformers and switchgear. In many countries special Acts and regulations govern remuneration for solar power, whether via feed-in tariffs or market premiums for direct sales to third parties.

Self-consumption can be increased by using solar power for heating waterroom heating, air conditioning or refrigeration. Battery storage systems help by storing surplus solar electricity for later use. These so-called solar batteries improve system reliability, especially when solar output dips.

Not all incoming sunlight is converted into electricity. The conversion rate depends on the intensity and wavelength of the incoming light spectrum. This ratio between usable electrical output and the maximum available solar radiation is known as efficiency.

The performance of a solar generator or storage system is defined by its output. When multiplied by the number of sunshine hours, this gives the solar yield – the amount of electricity generated per day, month or year. In addition to charging and discharging power, solar batteries are also rated by their capacity, or the amount of energy they can store. Power is measured in kilowatts (kW) or megawatts (MW), while energy and yield are expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh) or megawatt-hours (MWh). (HS)